Universal square.



' PATEN'IED DEC. 8, 1903.

T. P. ROY. UNIVERSAL SQUARE. APPLICATION PILED'AUG. 14, 1902.

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UNITED STATES Patented .December 8, 1903.

PATENT OEETCE.

UNIVERSAL SQUARE.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 746,384, dated December8, 1903.

Application filed August 14, 1902- Serial No. 119,671. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LTHOMAS P. ROY, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of the city of Seattle,in the county of King andState of WVashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Un iversal Squares, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in universal squares and hasspecial reference to an instrument of this nature which is especiallyadapted for laying 'off cuts for beveljoints.

Among numerous objects attained by this invention and readily understoodfrom the following specification and accom panying drawings included asa part thereof is the production of a universal square of simplified andinexpensive construction and which embodies essential features ofadjustment, adaptability, and general utility, which greatly facilitatesthe measuring of corners and angles in frames or the like and theaccurate marking of the finishing material for the cuts required to fitsame to the frame.

The above-mentioned and numerous other objects equally as desirable areattained by the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts asdisclosed on the accompanying drawings, set forth in this specification,and succinctly pointed out in the appended claims.

With reference to the drawings filed herewith and bearing like referencecharacters for corresponding parts throughout, Figure 1 is a perspectiveView of my improved square shown with the arms adjusted to measure anoutside angle and the movable tongue projected, and Fig. 2 is a planview of the device on enlarged scale with the shank andhead shown inlongitudinal section and the arms set for measuring an inside angle andthe tongue shown partly projected.

This invention includes a shank, as 10, oppositely disposed angleembracing arms 12, pivotally mounted 011 said shank, at one end thereof,by pivots 9, seated in cars 8 on opposite sides of the shank, a movabletongue 14, arranged on said shank for projection and retractionrelatively to the end thereof at which said arms are connected, andsuitable arm adjusting and securing means adapted to swing the arms ontheir pivots, and thereby open and close them relatively to each otherand lock them in adjusted position. 7

As now embodied, shank 10 is rendered substantially rectangular incross-section and of considerable length and is formed with alongitudinally disposed guideway, as 15, eX- tending rearwardly from thehead end, adapted to conveniently adj ustably mount the tongue 14 on theshank and consisting in the present embodiment of an elongated recess orbore of suitable length to receive the tongue completely when retracted.This tongue preferably consists of a broad thin blade which is formedwith a longitudinally-disposed slot 16, arranged substantially midwaythe width of the face and extending throughout the greater portion ofits length, and the guideway 15 is formed of suitable size incross-section to slidably receive said tongue snugly and is preferablyso disposed that the slot 16 will lie directly between the pivots ofarms 12 when the tongue is projected and serve as a guide for markingrelatively to the arms when they'are set at any desired angle. As nowconsidered arms 12 are conveniently moved by means of a head, as 17,which is slidably mounted on shank 10 and suitably operativelyconnected to said arms by connecting-rods, as 18, which are pivotallyc011- nected at one end to respective arms at points substantiallymidway their length by suitable pivots 19, seated in suitable cars 22,formed on said arms, and are likewise pivotally connected at theopposite ends to the head bypivots 20, seated in ears 23, arranged onthe side edges of said head, so as said head is adjusted along the'shankthese arms will be equally opened or closed relativelyto each other andmay thereby be conveniently and expeditiously adjusted to any desiredangle.

In the present instance a thumb-screw, as 21, is engaged in a suitablescrew-threaded aperture formed in the wall of head 17 at a convenientpoint to cause the end of the screw to impinge the shank when properlymanipulated, and thereby secure the head, and consequently the arms 14,at any desired point, and suitable graduation-marks are placed at properintervals on one side surface of the shank to indicate the number ofdegrees between the arms, and like marks are placed on one of the otherside surfaces to indicate the number of degrees between each of saidarms and the marking-slot in tongue 14.

In the present instance shank is formed with laterally-projecting ears 8at the forward end, which are arranged on opposite side edges and havesuitable apertures adapted to act as bearings for pivots, as 9, by whichthe arms 12 are mounted thereon, and lugs, as 25, are placed on the backsurfaces of arms 12 and have apertures therein to receive the pivots 19,and a suitable keeper, as a pin 26, is disposed across guideway throughslot 16 at the forward end of shank 10 to keep tongue 14 from leavingthe recess.

This instrument may be used in numerous ways to measure angles, lay offthe lines of cuts for simple and complex joints and the lines of cutsfor finishing material in wood and iron working, and may also beemployed as a center-square or as a T- square. When employed to measureangles, the outer surfaces of arms 12 are brought to the lines orsurfaces forming the angle and the degrees read from the graduations onshank 15, and when desired to lay off lines of cuts for boards ortimbers to meet at the angle thus measured tongue 14 is projected andthe instrument is placed on the board or timber with the face of one armagainst one side surface, when the tongue will be in properposition tomake the line of out by using the slot 16 as a guide. This is equallytrue for either inside or outside angles, and when desired to employ thedevice as a T- square the arms 12 are simply set in direct alinementwitheach other to serve as the head, and the tongue 14 is then projected andemployed as the blade.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States of America, is'

1. In an instrument of the nature indicated a shank,oppositely-disposed, angle embracing-arms pivotally mounted thereon atone end, and an angle dividing-tongue movably mounted on said shank forprojection relatively to said end and having a longitudinally disposedmarking-slot.

2. In an instrument of the nature indicated; a shank,oppositely-disposed angle embracing-arms pivotally mounted thereon atone end, means to secure said arms in adjusted positions and an angledividing-tongue movably mounted on said shank for projection andretraction relatively to said end and having a longitudinally-disposedmarking-slot.

3. In an instrument of the nature indicated; a shank,oppositely-disposed arms pivotally mounted thereon at one end, a headslidably mounted on said shank, oppositely-disposed rods pivoted to saidhead and to respective arms, means to lock the head to the shank and atongue slidably mounted on said shank.

4. In an instrument of the nature indicated; an elongated shank,oppositelydisposed arms pivotally connected to one extremity thereof, ahead slidably mounted on the shank, oppositely-disposed connecting-rodspivoted to said head and to respective arms, means to lock the head tothe shank, and a longitudinally-disposed tongue slidably mounted on saidshank.

5. In an instrument of the nature indicated; an elongated shank, havinga longitudinallydisposed recess extending rearwardly from one end andhaving ears on opposite sides at said end, oppositely-disposed armspivoted at one end to said cars a head slidable on said shank,oppositely-disposed connecting-rods pivoted to said head and torespective arms substantially midway their length, means to lock saidhead to the shank, and a tongue slidably mounted in said recess andhaving a longitudinally-disposed marking-slot.

Signed at Seattle, Washington, this 14th day of July, 1902.

THOMAS P. ROY.

mark

Witnesses:

T. H. CANN, N. N. CHAGNON.

